Microparticulate-encapsulated antigen with split topical CpG oligodeoxynucleotide adjuvant as a single-injection immunization strategy

Topical CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Adjuvant Enhances the Adaptive Immune Response against Influenza A Infections

Current influenza vaccines generate humoral immunity, targeting highly variable epitopes and thus fail to achieve long-term protection. T cells recognize and respond to several highly conserved epitopes across influenza serotypes. A strategy of raising strong cytotoxic T cell memory responses to epitopes conserved across serotypes would provide cross serotype protection, eliminating the need fo...

CpG Motif as an Adjuvant in Immunization of a Recombinant Plasmid Encoding Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein

Nasal Immunization by (PLGA) Nanospheres Encapsulated with Tetanus Toxoid and (CpG-ODN)

In induction of systemic and mucosal immunity, particulate antigens are more effective than soluble antigens possibly because they are more efficiently endocytosed by mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) M cells. In this study, we determined the systemic and mucosal immune responses in rabbits following intranasal immunization of tetanus toxoid TT and CpG-ODN encapsulated within PLGA nanos...

Nasal Immunization by (PLGA) Nanospheres Encapsulated with Tetanus Toxoid and (CpG-ODN)

In induction of systemic and mucosal immunity, particulate antigens are more effective than soluble antigens possibly because they are more efficiently endocytosed by mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) M cells. In this study, we determined the systemic and mucosal immune responses in rabbits following intranasal immunization of tetanus toxoid TT and CpG-ODN encapsulated within PLGA nanos...

Intratumor CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide injection induces protective antitumor T cell immunity.

Tumor cells are typically poorly immunogenic. The same mechanisms that evolved to avoid the induction of immune responses against self tissues, and, hence, autoimmune disease, also have to be overcome for immune therapy of cancer. Toll-like receptor-activating microbial products such as CpG motif containing DNA are among the primary stimuli that the immune system uses to distinguish between inf...